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'Video' is essentially a series of images played in rapid succession, to give a human spectator the impression of motion (motion picture, moving image). For a movie, this typically amounts to 25 images ('frames') per second (frame rate). (The story is more complicated for TV, for the sake of this explanation we will stick with the analog motion picture example.)
"A short guide to choosing a digital format for video archiving masters": https://web.archive.org/web/20221128105156/https://scart.be/?q=en/content/short-guide-choosing-digital-format-video-archiving-masters
Storing "uncompressed" video data, instructive overview over common color subsampling methods: https://superuser.com/a/347434
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_file_format for a list of Video file formats (= combinations of container formats with one or more codecs)