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| Principle | Description |
|---|---|
| Coherence | Carefully consider whether each multimedia component is necessary to meet the desired learning outcome. Bad Example: Includes unnecessary photographs, font styles, and on-screen text.
Good Example: Removes extraneous graphics and text.
|
| Signaling | Highlight essential material. Bad Example: As the narrator describes a specific step within the Project Management process, the entire process displays on-screen.
Good Example: The specific step that the narrator is discussing is highlighted, focusing the learner's attention on the most essential material.
|
| Redundancy | Limit multimedia to narration and animation when possible, avoid including redundant on-screen text. Bad Example: Text
Good Example: Text |
| Spatial Contiguity | Display corresponding words and pictures near each another. Bad Example: Text
Good Example: Text |
| Temporal Contiguity | Sync corresponding visuals and audio. Bad Example: Text
Good Example: Text |
2. Clarify Complexities
Trying to explain the unexplainable? These principles outline ways to clarify content that is particularly complex.
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